Final answer:
The formula for Simone's freedom songs of the later 1960s consisted of simplified melodies and straightforward lyrics, reflecting the spirit of the civil rights movement.
Step-by-step explanation:
What emerged as the formula for Simone's freedom songs of the later 1960s? The answer is c. Simplified melodies and straightforward lyrics. The environment of the 1960s was charged with the quest for justice and equality, culminating in the civil rights movement. Music played a crucial role in this period, serving as a conduit for expression, organizing, and resistance. Artists like Nina Simone composed songs that captured the spirit of the movement—unadorned, direct, and deeply resonant with the struggle for racial equality.
These songs eschewed complex arrangements for simpler tunes that could easily be learned and sung by masses, thereby uniting people in their common fight for freedom. Simone's music, along with others, not only provided spiritual succor to activists but also acted as a powerful tool for mobilizing communities towards collective action.