Final answer:
Jeremy Bentham's belief that the value of a behavior is determined by the pleasure or pain it produces is known as Utilitarianism. Correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
Jeremy Bentham argued that the value a behavior holds for the individual who engages in it is determined by the amount of pleasure or pain the behavior can be expected to produce for that person. This belief is known as Utilitarianism.
Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that suggests that the best action is the one that maximizes utility, which is usually defined as that which produces the greatest well-being of the greatest number of people, and in some cases, sentient beings. Developed by Jeremy Bentham, utilitarianism is a form of consequentialism, meaning that the morality of an action is judged based on its outcomes or consequences.