Final answer:
Findings associating psychopathy with orbital cortex damage have contributed to the development of the Brain-based theory of criminality, which highlights the role of biological factors in criminal behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
Scientists have found that violent psychopathy among juveniles is associated with damage to the orbital cortex of the brain. Findings from these and similar studies have led to the development of the B) Brain-based theory of criminality. This theory suggests that biological factors, including brain function and structure, influence criminal behavior. While other theories such as the social disorganization theory, social control theory, and conflict theory focus on social environments, exposure to crime, and socioeconomic factors as determinants of criminality, the brain-based theory emphasizes the role of neurological and biological factors in the development of criminal behaviors.