Final answer:
Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) refers to the complete sequencing of an organism's DNA, used in medical sciences and various industries. It provides a full genetic blueprint, identifying the genetic basis of diseases and supporting applications in biofuel production, agriculture, and more.
Step-by-step explanation:
Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) is a sophisticated process used predominantly in the field of medical sciences to unravel the complexities of genetic diseases. It involves sequencing the entire genetic material (entire DNA sequence) of an organism, providing a comprehensive blueprint of its genetic makeup. This technique stands out as a brute-force approach when genetic anomalies are suspected to be at the core of a disease, enabling doctors and researchers to diagnose, understand, and treat genetic disorders more effectively. The use of WGS is not just limited to medical applications; it has wide-ranging industrial applications, including areas such as biofuel development, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and pollution control. The core principle behind modern sequencing techniques, including WGS, is based on the chain termination method. This method has allowed the sequencing of entire genomes of various organisms, paving the way for deeper insights into genetic structures and functions.
Whole Genome Sequencing is essentially B) Sequencing the entire genetic material of an organism, which distinguishes it from approaches focused on specific genes, studying microbial morphology, or utilizing biochemical assays.