Final answer:
The ratio of [HCO3-] / [H2CO3] in blood can be calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and the equilibrium constant (Ka). The correct ratio is determined by the Ka₁ value of carbonic acid, which is 4.30 × 10⁻⁷.
Step-by-step explanation:
Human blood contains a buffer system consisting of carbonic acid (H2CO3) and hydrogen carbonate ion (HCO3-) that helps maintain the pH at a relatively stable level. The ratio of [HCO3-] / [H2CO3] in blood can be calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and the equilibrium constant (Ka). In this case, the ratio is determined by the Ka₁ value of carbonic acid, which is 4.30 × 10-7. Therefore, the correct answer is option B. 4.30 × 10-7.