Final answer:
The correct answer to the percentage question is 'a. Greater', as behavioral researchers often work with sample sizes much larger than 100. This allows for percentages that can add up to more or less than 100 when categories overlap or are not exhaustive, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
Most percentages used by behavioral researchers and practitioners are calculated with divisors much greater than 100. The correct answer here would be "a. Greater". Behavioral researchers often collect data from a large number of subjects, and the percentages are calculated based on this larger sample size. For instance, if a study involved 1,000 participants and 500 exhibited a certain behavior, the percentage would be 50%. The divisor in this case (the total number of participants) is indeed much greater than 100, which simply represents the percentage scaling factor.
When considering percentages that add to more or less than 100 percent, it's important to recognize that in cases where categories can overlap, such as in certain surveys or studies, the total can exceed 100 percent. Conversely, percentages can also add up to less than 100 percent if some data is not accounted for or if it's divided among various categories that do not encompass all possibilities.
For statistical analysis involving comparison of proportions, options like 'e. two proportions', might be used. For example, if a study aimed to compare the passing rates of males and females on a driving test, analyses involving two proportions would be appropriate.