Final answer:
Textual Criticism is the study strategy that focuses on reconstructing the original text by comparing and analyzing variations across different manuscript copies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The study strategy that aims to reconstruct the original reading by comparing surviving manuscripts of documents is Textual Criticism. Textual Criticism is a scholarly process by which experts examine and compare different manuscripts and document versions to establish, as accurately as possible, the original text. The strategy involves critical analysis, where scholars look for variations in text, including omissions, additions, and alterations among the various surviving copies. By piecing together the textual evidence, scholars attempt to recover the most likely original form of the text.