Final answer:
The scenario where a builder offers the mayor a free flat for building permission is an example of bribery. This illegal practice contrasts with ethical urban development, which involves balancing land use and fair trade, ensuring economic activities are conducted ethically.
Step-by-step explanation:
The scenario described in which a builder offers the mayor a free flat in return for permission to build new flats on a piece of green land is an example of bribery. Bribery occurs when someone offers, gives, receives, or solicits something of value for the purpose of influencing the action of an official in the discharge of their public or legal duties. This practice is considered illegal and unethical, and it undermines the principles of fair trade and legitimate urban development processes.Urban development, when conducted ethically, involves considerations such as the control of urban growth, balanced land use, and the engagement of various groups and individuals with vested interests. Policies and incentives, such as zoning laws and economic incentives for property renovation, are key in shaping how land development unfolds and meets the community's needs. Additionally, fair trade is a concept that should be embedded within economic activities to ensure ethical practices, particularly in the context of producing goods and services.