Final answer:
In the context of the CompTIA Security+ exam, the security controls like log monitoring and video surveillance are considered detective controls because they help in identifying and alerting when a security incident occurs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The CompTIA Security+ exam covers various areas of cybersecurity, including the implementation of security controls that enhance an organization's security posture. The controls you've listed, such as log monitoring, trend analysis, security audits, video surveillance, and motion detection, belong to the detective control category. Detective controls are designed to identify and alert when a security incident occurs or when there's evidence of such an incident. While something like motion detection might seem preventive, in the context of information security, it's about detecting unauthorized access or activity.