Final answer:
Lightning detectors are accurate within 10 to 20 miles locally and can detect further with VLF technology. They detect radio waves emitted by lightning and are not strictly line-of-sight devices. They are also safe to use as they do not emit any signals or attract lightning.
Step-by-step explanation:
Accuracy and Range of Lightning Detectors
The accuracy and range of lightning detectors can vary, but most systems can detect lightning strikes with a high degree of accuracy within a range of 10 to 20 miles for local detection and hundreds or even thousands of miles for systems that use VLF (Very Low Frequency) technology. The accuracy can be affected by the type of detector used, with some systems providing detailed information about strike strength, polarity, and location.
Optimal Conditions for Lightning Detector Accuracy
Lightning detectors are most accurate under optimal conditions, which typically involve minimal obstructions and minimal electromagnetic interference. Some systems are more reliable during certain times such as during active thunderstorms.
Lightning Detectors and Radio Waves
Lightning detectors do not 'see' in the traditional sense, but some types do detect the radio waves (RA) generated by lightning strikes, which can travel long distances and through some obstacles.
Attenuation and Line of Sight
Attenuation can affect radio wave-based lightning detectors, as the intensity of the signals can diminish over distance and with various obstacles. However, since lightning produces a strong electromagnetic pulse, the effect of attenuation is often minimal. Lightning detection is not strictly restricted to line of sight, especially for VLF detectors.
Safety of Using Lightning Detectors on the Ground
Lightning detectors are safe to use on the ground as they are designed to passively detect electromagnetic signals from lightning strikes. They do not emit any signals themselves and do not attract lightning.