Final answer:
Vertical dimensions of control areas are the allocated altitudes for air traffic control, with arctic control areas reaching up to flight level 600. Below these areas, the airspace is typically enroute or oceanic, providing traffic management for long-distance flights.
Step-by-step explanation:
The vertical dimensions of southern, northern, and arctic control areas refer to the allocated altitudes at which air traffic control services are provided for these regions. Southern control areas might be differently defined depending on the country, but northern and arctic control areas often extend from specified minimum altitudes up to and including flight level 600 (approximately 60,000 feet). Below these control areas, the airspace typically consists of terminal control areas (TMAs) near airports, and further away it can consist of enroute or oceanic airspace that is less strictly controlled.
Below Northern and Arctic control areas, the airspace type is typically 'enroute' or 'oceanic', depending on the region's proximity to the North Pole and distance from mainland or terminal areas. Enroute airspace is generally used for aircraft traveling through a flight information region (FIR), but not in the immediate vicinity of an airport, whereas Oceanic airspace covers the areas over the oceans where air traffic control is less about precise tracking and more about maintaining separation between aircraft traveling long distances.