Final answer:
Stanley Milgram's obedience experiment influenced Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment, as both studies illuminated the profound impact of authority and social roles on individual behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
The scholarly studies that influenced Zimbardo's work on the Stanford Prison Experiment were Stanley Milgram's obedience experiment. Milgram's work, which examined how individuals obey authority figures even to the extent of inflicting harm on others, provided insight into the power of authority and social roles. The obedience experiment's findings on the willingness of subjects to administer electric shocks to others under authority command mirrored the power dynamics and compliance seen in the Stanford Prison Experiment, where participants conformed to their assigned roles of prisoners and guards, showcasing the notable effect of authority and role expectations on behavior.