Final answer:
The movement based on Froebel's work and led by Elizabeth Peabody and Susan Blow was the Kindergarten Movement.
Step-by-step explanation:
The movement in the United States that was based directly on the work of Froebel and led by Elizabeth Peabody, Susan Blow, and others who spread his ideas through teacher training is the Kindergarten Movement. Friedrich Froebel created the concept of the kindergarten, where children could engage in activities, play, and learning that was structured to support their development. This educational reform was part of the broader push to improve and systemize education for young children, similar to the reformist efforts seen in early nineteenth-century America.