Final answer:
The movement in question is the Head Start program, which is an early childhood education initiative for families with limited financial and educational resources, aiming to provide academic preparation for low-income children.
Step-by-step explanation:
The movement that grew out of a social welfare effort for low-income families, focused on the need to support working parents and became associated with physical care rather than education is the Head Start program. This program is an early childhood education initiative directed at families with limited educational and financial resources. The Head Start program was developed in response to findings that showed a preschool deficit among low-income students, aiming to prepare these children academically before they enter kindergarten. Many reformers and activists, understanding the importance of early education, particularly for the poor and oppressed, have regarded this program as a means to change the system by providing the necessary support and tools to succeed from a young age.