Final answer:
The characteristic not included in demographics for market segmentation is 'Demographic groups'. Demographic dimensions typically involve age, gender, income, and other personal attributes, which help in market segmentation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The characteristic that is not one of the characteristics of demographics under the demographic dimension for market segmentation is d. Demographic groups. Demographic dimensions in market segmentation typically involve various characteristics such as age, gender, income level, marital status, education, employment status, and occupation. These demographic details help businesses to divide the market into segments and target their products or services accordingly.
However, 'Demographic groups' is not a characteristic of demographics but rather a representation of the segmented groups created after analyzing the demographic characteristics. Furthermore, demographic data can influence the market and how it changes over time as birth and death rates, life expectancy, and migrations shape consumer needs and the potential customer base for products and services.