Final answer:
The answer to the question is D. Thermopile, spark module, gas solenoid. In an automobile's ignition, a transformer is used to step up voltage for ignition, and an arc can appear across an open switch due to Lenz's Law. The thermal action during combustion in an engine leads to increased pressure and piston movement.
Step-by-step explanation:
If we lose thermopile voltage, we would lose voltage on the gas solenoid coil, and the spring would close the gas valve, preventing gas flow to both the pilot & main burner. The correct answer is D. Thermopile, spark module, gas solenoid.
An automobile's ignition circuit is able to generate large voltages from a 12-V battery by using a transformer to step up the voltage. Intense magnetic fields are generated and collapsed rapidly, which results in high-voltage sparks needed for ignition through induction. When the current through a large inductor is interrupted, an arc can appear due to the inductor's attempt to maintain current flow (Lenz's Law), causing the stored energy to be discharged across the open switch terminals.
The description provided for the combustion engine process in the cylinder aligns with the thermal action characterization. When fuel-air mixture ignites, according to the ideal gas law PV = NkBT, a spike in temperature leads to a pressure increase which then pushes the piston, performing work. This thermal event is the beginning of the kinetic motion in the engine.