Final answer:
Refined flour and fortified milk are common examples of products fortified with micronutrients to improve their nutritional values, specifically vitamins and minerals. White sugar, on the other hand, is not typically fortified. Fortification can help prevent dietary deficiencies, but one should consult a health professional regarding the effects of modified foods.
Step-by-step explanation:
The products that have been fortified with micronutrients to increase intake include refined flour, fortified milk, and more. This process involves adding vitamins and minerals to food products to improve their nutritional value. Among the choices given, refined flour (option b) and fortified milk (option c) are commonly fortified. Examples include breads enriched with B vitamins and milk fortified with vitamin D. While white sugar (option a) is not typically fortified with vitamins and minerals, it is still important to recognize that many everyday food items are modified to provide additional nutritional benefits.
Furthermore, products such as salt and cereals are also micronutrient-fortified, with iodized salt and cereals fortified with various vitamins and minerals. The intent behind fortification is to prevent deficiencies in the diet that can lead to health issues. Although carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are essential macronutrients, they are not considered micronutrients; vitamins and minerals are micronutrients (refuting options c and d from an earlier set of choices).
It is critical to note that while fortification can help to solve nutrient deficiencies, excessive consumption of certain fortified foods may have health implications, and not all health claims may be accurate or beneficial. It's always recommended to consult with a health professional when considering the effects of modified foods on personal health.