Final answer:
The treaty in question is the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty of 1968, designed to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and facilitate the transfer of non-military nuclear technology, underscoring global efforts to control nuclear armaments for international peace and security. The correct option is b.
Step-by-step explanation:
The treaty in question is the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) of 1968, which attempts to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and technology. The NPT plays a critical role in the international security landscape, particularly given concerns over nuclear technology falling into the hands of rogue states or terrorist organizations.
The treaty supports the transference of non-military nuclear technology to member countries while aiming to prevent further nuclear proliferation. This effort complements previous agreements such as the Partial Test Ban Treaty, which restricted nuclear testing to underground facilities for environmental protection.
The history of nuclear weapons and their control, from the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki to the establishment of the IAEA and agreements like START, reflects ongoing global efforts to manage and reduce the risks associated with nuclear armaments. Efforts to control nuclear weapons have included various treaties and international diplomacy, reflecting the importance of non-proliferation and disarmament policies in maintaining peace and security.
Hence, Option b is correct.