Final answer:
Cooperation requires common goals and coordination, while sharing a common political culture is not a cause of a collective dilemma. Solving coordination problems involves negotiating trade-offs between transaction and conformity costs using various decision-making processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cooperation requires several components to be successful. Two key elements necessary for effective cooperation among participants include common goals and methods, and coordination regarding who does what. On the other hand, one factor that is not a cause of a collective dilemma is when participants share a common political culture. This is because a shared political culture does not inherently lead to disagreement over goals or methods; instead, it can provide a common ground for cooperation.
Solving coordination problems can be achieved through different mechanisms, such as delegating decision-making power or utilizing group decision-making processes like voting. Each approach has its trade-offs, including the balance between transaction and conformity costs. For instance, a centralized decision-maker may reduce transaction costs, but at the risk of increasing conformity costs. Conversely, group decision-making might decrease conformity costs but raise transaction costs.
Understanding the complexities of coordination and cooperation within groups is essential for resolving collective dilemmas and achieving consensus on shared objectives, especially in large groups with diverse interests.