Final answer:
A logistics service provider that oversees an entire firm's logistics and subcontracts specific functions is known as a 4PL. This provider orchestrates the supply chain by integrating resources and capabilities from various entities.
Step-by-step explanation:
A logistics service provider that takes over the entire logistics operations of a firm and subcontracts some or all specific functions is known as a 4PL (Fourth-Party Logistics provider). Unlike 3PLs (Third-Party Logistics providers), which typically specialize in singular logistics functions like transportation or warehousing, a 4PL company is a systems integrator that assembles the resources, capabilities, and technology of its own organization and other organizations to design, build, and run comprehensive supply chain solutions. A 4PL provider is effectively the next level of outsourcing in the logistics industry, where they take over a more holistic role in the logistics process, managing the complexity of the supply chain.