Final answer:
The receptor cell responsible for detecting pain stimuli is the nociceptor, which is a type of free nerve ending found in the skin.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of receptor cell responsible for transducing pain stimuli is the b. nociceptor. Nociceptors are sensory receptors that are capable of detecting potentially harmful stimuli, which may cause pain. Within the skin, free nerve endings often function as nociceptors. They are unencapsulated dendrites of sensory neurons that extend into the middle of the epidermis and are sensitive to painful stimuli, as well as to hot and cold temperatures, and to light touch. They are slow to adjust to a stimulus, making them less sensitive to abrupt changes in stimulation. Other encapsulated receptors mentioned, like Merkel's disks, Meissner's corpuscles, and Pacinian corpuscles, are primarily involved in detecting touch, pressure, and vibrations rather than pain.