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twenty-five people will participate in a clinical trial, where 15 people receive the treatment and 10 people receive the placebo. in a group of six people who participated in the trial, what is the probability that four received the treatment and two received the placebo?

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Final answer:

The probability that four out of six people received the treatment and two received the placebo in a clinical trial is approximately 34.65%. This calculation uses combinations to determine the different ways participants could be chosen from the treatment and placebo groups, and then to find the overall probability.

Step-by-step explanation:

The probability that four people received the treatment and two received the placebo in a clinical trial group of six people can be calculated using combinations. First, we need to find the number of ways to choose four people out of 15 who received treatment, and two people out of 10 who received the placebo. This can be done using the combination formula C(n, k) = n! / (k! * (n - k)!), where n is the total number of items, and k is the number of items to choose.

For the treatment group: C(15, 4) = 15! / (4! * (15 - 4)!) = 1365 ways

For the placebo group: C(10, 2) = 10! / (2! * (10 - 2)!) = 45 ways

The total number of ways to choose six people from 25 is C(25, 6) = 25! / (6! * (25 - 6)!) = 177100

Now, we find the probability by multiplying the combinations for the treatment and placebo groups, and then dividing by the total combinations.

Probability = (C(15, 4) * C(10, 2)) / C(25, 6)

Probability = (1365 * 45) / 177100 = 0.3465

Therefore, the probability that four people received the treatment and two received the placebo is approximately 0.3465 or 34.65%.

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