Final answer:
Neanderthals are described as 'hypercarnivores' due to high levels of nitrogen 15 in their bone chemistry, indicating a heavy reliance on a meat-based diet. Archaeological evidence supports their hunting capabilities, rather than suggesting they were overly excited by meat or commonly preyed upon by other large carnivores.
Step-by-step explanation:
Neanderthals are described as 'hypercarnivores' because analysis of their bone chemistry indicates they had even higher concentrations of the isotope nitrogen 15 than other top carnivores. This elevated nitrogen isotope ratio suggests a high trophic level in the food chain and can be seen as evidence of a diet consisting largely of meat. Additionally, the findings from various archaeological sites, including Shanidar Cave, indicate that Neanderthals were not only capable hunters of large mammals but also possessed the anatomical adaptations suitable for hunting, such as robust humeri for throwing projectiles and well-developed rotator cuff muscles.
While there is evidence that Neanderthals consumed meat, including the hunting of large animals and possibly other carnivores, the suggestion that they became 'overly-excited' when consuming meat is not supported by archaeological evidence. Similarly, there is no good evidence to indicate Neanderthals were regularly hunted and eaten by other large carnivores. Their diet likely contained a significant proportion of animal protein, but they were also adept at exploiting a range of food sources as indicated by wear on their teeth related to chewing on leather and the wear on their molars