Final answer:
Behavior modification suggests that behavior can be partially controlled and it is desirable to do so to reach specific goals, using techniques like positive reinforcement. Ethical considerations are important, and reinforcement needs to be meaningful and consistent.
Step-by-step explanation:
Behavior modification is based on two main propositions which suggest that behavior can and should be influenced through specific techniques. The correct statement in this case is that behavior can be partially controlled, and it is desirable to do so in order to achieve certain objectives. This approach uses the principles of operant conditioning, wherein behavior change is accomplished by replacing undesirable behaviors with more socially acceptable ones. This strategy typically involves reinforcement rather than punishment, such as the use of a sticker chart. Here, a child receives a sticker for performing a desirable action, which eventually leads to a larger reward or reinforcer.
By consistently associating a positive reinforcement with a desired behavior, behavior modification techniques aim to increase the likelihood of acceptable behavior and decrease misbehavior, recognizing that our actions can be influenced by both our genetic predispositions (nature) and environmental stimuli (nurture). However, it is also important to note that while behavior can be influenced, ethical considerations must always be taken into account. Not all behavior modification is ethically appropriate, and the reinforcement used must be meaningful and consistent to be effective.