Final answer:
The factor that has NOT been identified as a reason for companies to forgo training evaluations is not demanded by trainers and training program designers. The correct multiple-choice option is (b).
Step-by-step explanation:
Out of the given options, the factor that has NOT been identified as a reason for companies to forgo training evaluations is b) not demanded by trainers and training program designers. The identified contributory factors that cause companies to forgo training evaluations include: a) trainers and human resource departments may not be interested in the results, c) lack of time for training evaluation, and d) management does not request it. The correct multiple-choice option is (b).