Final answer:
After oogenesis in Felis catus, the result is one mature egg with 19 chromosomes and three polar bodies that degenerate; oogenesis produces haploid cells from a diploid precursor through meiosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The diploid chromosome number of a cat, Felis catus, is 38. After the process of oogenesis has completed, this leads to the production of haploid cells, or eggs, that have half the diploid number which is 19 chromosomes. It is important to note that unlike spermatogenesis, which results in four haploid cells, oogenesis typically results in one mature egg and three polar bodies.
During meiosis, the diploid precursor cell undergoes DNA replication followed by two rounds of cell division. This process reduces the chromosome number by half. After the first meiotic division, meiosis I, the cell divides to form two cells, each with the diploid number of chromosomes but composed of two sister chromatids. After the second division, meiosis II, these cells divide again to produce a total of four cells, each with the haploid number of chromosomes.
In the case of oogenesis, one of these cells becomes the predominant egg while the other three become polar bodies that eventually degenerate. Consequently, the result after the complete process of oogenesis is one egg cell with 19 chromosomes in cats.