Final answer:
The 2.0 M CaCl2 solution has the highest concentration of chloride ions at 4.0 M Cl-, as each CaCl2 unit produces two chloride ions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks which solution will have the highest concentration of chloride ions among the given options. To solve this, we must consider both the molarity of the salt solution and the ratio of chloride ions to the salt formula. Each compound has a different number of chloride ions.
- NaCl dissociates into 1 Na+ ion and 1 Cl- ion.
- KCl dissociates into 1 K+ ion and 1 Cl- ion.
- CaCl2 dissociates into 1 Ca2+ ion and 2 Cl- ions.
- MgCl2 dissociates into 1 Mg2+ ion and 2 Cl- ions.
Now let's calculate the concentration of chloride ions in each solution:
- (a) 0.5 M NaCl solution: 0.5 M Cl-
- (b) 1.0 M KCl solution: 1.0 M Cl-
- (c) 2.0 M CaCl2 solution: 4.0 M Cl
- (d) 0.3 M MgCl2 solution: 0.6 M Cl
Option (c), the 2.0 M CaCl2 solution, will have the highest concentration of chloride ions at 4.0 M Cl because each formula unit of CaCl2 produces two chloride ions when dissolved.