Final answer:
Alternation of generations is exhibited by plants and involves a cycle between diploid sporophytes that produce haploid spores through meiosis and haploid gametophytes that form after the spores divide by mitosis. Option D represents this biological process.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks which of the following is an example of alternation of generations, a process observed in the life cycles of plants, some algae, and certain protists. The correct answer is D) A plant that is diploid (sporophyte) undergoes meiosis to produce a spore that undergoes mitosis to produce multiple haploid pollen particles (gametophytes).
Alternation of generations involves two distinct stages in the life cycle of plants: the haploid gametophyte stage and the diploid sporophyte stage. In this process, the sporophyte, which is diploid, produces haploid spores through meiosis. These haploid spores then divide by mitosis, developing into haploid gametophytes, which produce gametes. Fertilization between gametes results in a diploid zygote, which develops back into the sporophyte, thus completing the cycle.