Final answer:
In 5.0 moles of MgCl₂, there are 9.033 × 10²´ atoms and 3.011 × 10²´ molecules, using Avogadro's number for the calculation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student asked how many atoms or molecules are in 5.0 moles of MgCl₂ (magnesium chloride). To answer this, we will use Avogadro's number, which is 6.022 × 10²³ atoms or molecules per mole. As MgCl₂ consists of one magnesium (Mg) atom and two chlorine (Cl) atoms, each mole of MgCl₂ contains a total of three atoms. Therefore, for 5.0 moles of MgCl₂, we multiply 5.0 moles by Avogadro's number and then by three:
- 5.0 moles MgCl₂ × 6.022 × 10²³ atoms/mol × 3 atoms/MgCl₂
This calculation reveals that there are 9.033 × 10²´ atoms in 5.0 moles of MgCl₂. Moreover, since MgCl₂ is a molecule as well, the number of molecules in 5.0 moles of MgCl₂ simply equals 5.0 moles × Avogadro's number, giving a total of 3.011 × 10²´ molecules of MgCl₂.