Final answer:
Two strings are considered similar in computer science if they consist of the same characters in the same order, which is true. The term closest in meaning to hypothesis is suggestion. Various aspects about waves, Pythagorean theorem for vectors, DNA comparisons for protein structural similarity, circuit voltage uniformity, and language evolution were also clarified.
Step-by-step explanation:
In computer science, two strings are considered similar if they are composed of the same characters in the same sequence. The statement is true.
The word closest in meaning to hypothesis is suggestion (d).
Regarding waves, it is true that they can superimpose even if their frequencies are different. Similarly, it is false that the amplitude of one wave is affected by the amplitude of another wave only when they are precisely aligned; the amplitudes can affect each other even when not perfectly aligned due to wave interference.
The Pythagorean theorem can indeed be used to calculate the length of the resultant vector when adding two vectors at right angles to each other, so the statement is true.
It is also true that there are two types of interference: constructive and destructive.
Comparing DNA from a known source with RNA sequences can determine similarity or differences, implying structural similarities between the two proteins if their DNA sequences are closely related.
False, in a circuit diagram, the voltage is not necessarily the same at every point in a given wire.
Two languages are related if they evolved from the same older language (C).
Finally, it is false that the amplitudes of waves sum up only if they are propagating in the same line.