Final answer:
The claim that Remus founded Rome is false; it was Romulus according to Roman myth. He killed Remus and started the monarchical tradition of Rome until the Republic era began.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that Remus founded the city of Rome and established its most important political institutions is false. According to Roman myth, the city was actually founded by his twin brother, Romulus, who killed Remus in a dispute.
Romulus is credited with starting Rome's period of monarchical rule until the establishment of the Republic in 509 BCE. These foundation myths, which also include the story of Aeneas and the Trojans, helped define Roman values and justified their often violent and warlike culture.
According to Roman tradition and mythology, Remus did not found the city of Rome and establish its most important political institutions. It was actually his twin brother Romulus who did. Therefore, the statement is false.