Final answer:
Environments that have strict norms, rules, and isolate individuals from greater society, such as prisons and military, are called total institutions. These environments aim for resocialization, where strict rules are enforced to maintain order. Formal norms, like laws and regulations, help enforce a controlled lifestyle in these institutions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Environments that contain strict norms and comprehensive rules, where people are effectively cut off from the larger society and are highly regulated are called total institutions. Examples of total institutions include ships at sea, religious convents, prisons, cult organizations, and branches of the military.
These places are designed for resocialization, where individuals are isolated from wider society and required to follow strict rules, leading to a controlled lifestyle. This process often leads to a fundamental change in a person's personality or behavior to adapt to the regulated environment of the total institution.
Formal norms support many social institutions and represent established, written rules intended to serve the most people, for instance, in the military, criminal justice system, and public schools.
Formal norms include laws, employee manuals, and school and safety regulations, which are enforced to varying degrees depending on cultural values and the need for social control and order.