Final answer:
Job specification is a statement of the qualifications required for a job, determined through job analysis. It involves accurately describing the tasks or job and identifying the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) that the job requires. Organizations may also use tests and job interviews for job selection.
Step-by-step explanation:
Job specification is a statement of the mental, physical, and other qualifications required of a person to do a particular job. It involves accurately describing the tasks or job and identifying the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) that the job requires. This information is obtained through job analysis, which can be done through observation, surveys, and interviews with current employees, peers, and supervisors.
In addition, organizations may use tests, such as IQ tests or job-specific skills tests, to determine job selection by setting cutoff scores. Furthermore, job interviews are commonly used in the selection process and are based on research conducted by industrial psychologists.