Final answer:
The characteristic of the Second Great Awakening best illustrated in the referenced painting would be the Emphasis on individual salvation, where personal religious experiences and conversion were central.
Step-by-step explanation:
The characteristic of the Second Great Awakening best illustrated in the painting you are referring to is most likely A) Emphasis on individual salvation. The Second Great Awakening emphasized an evangelical approach to religion, where personal religious experiences and conversion played a central role. It taught that salvation was available to all through free will, encouraging individuals to seek out their own salvation. This movement was inclusive, spreading its message to men and women, to the rich and poor, and among slaves and free blacks alike.
According to the details provided, the Second Great Awakening was marked by the growth of Methodist and Baptist churches, which were popularly-rooted movements. They stressed that ordinary people could choose salvation through personal experience and living a righteous life, thereby transforming society through individual moral reform. It was an embodiment of the Jacksonian celebration of the individual, emphasizing that humanity could be improved and perfected through religion and reform efforts. These traits overshadowed other characteristics like rationalism, religious hierarchies, or the separation of church and state.