Final answer:
The cost of producing X pumpkin pies at a small bakery cannot be determined without specific information on the bakery's production costs. The provided data on raspberry farm costs and economies of scale in toaster oven production do not directly answer the question but highlight how production costs can vary with scale.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the cost of producing X pumpkin pies at a small bakery, we need to examine the provided data for marginal costs, revenues, and the concept of economies of scale. Although the question directly related to pumpkin pies is not answered in the data given, we can discuss related economic concepts that influence production costs.
According to the provided Table 8.3, the marginal costs for a Raspberry Farm are systematically listed. However, these numbers cannot be directly applied to the pumpkin pies' cost without making certain assumptions or having exact figures for the production of pumpkin pies. Since these are not present, we cannot choose an option from a), b), c), or d) with certainty.
Still, we can infer some valuable insights from Figure 19.5 and Figure 33.5 related to the economies of scale. These figures illustrate how production costs can decrease as the quantity of production increases, due to fixed costs being spread out over more units and possibly due to more efficient production methods employed at larger scales. Plant L and Plant V are described as having lower average costs of production when compared to plant S and plant M, illustrating the cost advantage at higher levels of production. Economies of scale are relevant here as they lead to lower costs per unit when production is increased, but only up to a certain point before these advantages plateau.
Overall, without explicit data on the unit cost of producing a pumpkin pie, we are unable to determine the cost represented by the options given in the question. However, the provided data gives us an understanding of the cost structure and potential savings that come with producing a higher quantity of goods.
In conclusion, the correct option cannot be chosen without additional information specific to the production costs of pumpkin pies at the small bakery. The options provided do not correlate with the given data about raspberry farming or the economies of scale associated with toaster oven production.