Final answer:
GIS, or Geographic Information System, is the integrated model used for managing spatial data and is crucial for geography-related decision-making and problem analysis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The integrated computer-based model described in the question for collecting, storing, retrieving, and displaying location-dependent data is known as a Geographic Information System (GIS). GIS is essential in modern geography and allows for the analysis and visualization of spatial data to solve complex problems. GIS integrates various data layers and assists in making informed decisions by providing specialized mapping and analysis for applications in urban planning, business site selection, and more.