Final answer:
To find the number of ions in 30.0 mL of 0.600 M Na₂CO₃ solution, calculate the moles of Na₂CO₃, determine the moles of ions produced upon dissociation, and then use Avogadro's number to find the total number of ions. The correct answer is 3.25 × 10²² ions.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine how many ions are present in 30.0 mL of 0.600 M Na₂CO₃ solution, we must follow a sequential approach:
Calculate the number of moles of Na₂CO₃ in the solution using its molarity and volume.
Determine the number of ions released per formula unit of Na₂CO₃.
Use Avogadro's number to convert moles of ions into number of ions.
Step 1: Number of moles of Na₂CO₃ = Molarity × Volume (in liters) = 0.600 mol/L × 0.030 L = 0.018 mol Na₂CO₃
Step 2: Na₂CO₃ dissociates into 3 ions (2 Na⁺ and 1 CO₃²⁻), so the number of moles of ions = Number of moles of Na₂CO₃ × 3 = 0.018 mol × 3 = 0.054 mol ions
Step 3: Number of ions = Number of moles of ions × Avogadro's number = 0.054 mol × 6.022 × 10²³ ions/mol = 3.25 × 10²² ions
The correct answer is (a) 3.25 × 10²² ions.