Final answer:
A patient with iron deficiency should increase their intake of iron-rich foods such as lean meat, spinach, and peas, while also including vitamin C-rich foods like oranges to enhance iron absorption. Balance is important, as excessive calcium from dairy can hinder iron absorption.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nurse can provide the patient with dietary instructions to increase intake of foods that are high in iron. Such foods include lean meat, such as beef or chicken, green leafy vegetables like spinach, and legumes like peas and lentils. These foods are part of the protein/meat/fish/dry beans/eggs/nuts group, which are not only high in protein but also supply essential iron and some B vitamins. It's crucial for individuals with iron deficiency to include these iron-rich foods in their diet to prevent anemia, a condition that can make a person feel weak and tired.
Iron absorption may be hindered by the presence of phytates found in cereals, so diversifying iron sources is important. In addition to the foods already mentioned, other good sources of iron include shellfish, organ meats, and enriched breads and cereals. However, balance is key, as high amounts of calcium found in dairy products may interfere with iron absorption. Hence, while dairy products are essential for bone health and preventing conditions such as osteoporosis, they should not be consumed in excess at the expense of iron-rich foods.
Moreover, including vitamin C-rich foods like oranges and orange juice can significantly enhance iron absorption. The patient should be encouraged to pair vitamin C-rich foods with iron-rich foods to maximize iron uptake and improve their overall health.