Final answer:
The Missouri Plan is the alternative term for the merit selection of judges, aiming to minimize political influence and ensure the selection of highly qualified candidates for judicial offices.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term often used for the merit selection of judges is the Missouri Plan. This system involves a nonpartisan commission that reviews candidates for judicial positions and presents a list to the governor for appointment. Once appointed, these judges then face retention elections where voters can choose whether to keep the judge in office without the competition of another candidate running against them. The merit selection system is designed to reduce political influence in the judiciary and to help ensure that the most qualified candidates are selected for these important positions.