Final answer:
For a postpartum client with sore nipples, the nurse should recommend proper latching techniques, use of safe nipple creams, and alternating breastfeeding starts. A lactation consultant can provide additional support. Sudden cessation of breastfeeding can cause engorgement and leakage, and progressive weaning or milk expression may be advised to avoid discomfort.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nurse should provide guidance on proper breastfeeding techniques, as nipple soreness is often due to incorrect latch or positioning. They should encourage the client to ensure the infant's mouth covers a large portion of the areola, not just the nipple, to reduce soreness. Additionally, the nurse can suggest the use of nipple creams or ointments that are safe for breastfeeding, as well as the importance of alternating the breast used to start each feeding to allow time for recovery. If the soreness persists, a lactation consultant can provide hands-on support, and the nurse should advise on how to express and store breast milk to maintain supply while allowing the nipples to heal.
Breast engorgement and leakage are common in the initial weeks of breastfeeding due to the establishment of milk supply and infant demand. If breastfeeding is stopped abruptly, the body can still produce milk, leading to engorgement and leakage. This process is part of a positive feedback loop, where suckling stimulates prolactin release for milk production. To prevent engorgement, the nurse might advise gradually reducing feeding frequency or expressing milk to relieve pressure.