Final answer:
Syndromes associated with neuro cutaneous involvement include Neurofibromatosis, Tuberous Sclerosis, Sturge-Weber Syndrome, and Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome, with Neurofibromatosis having a 50% chance of being inherited if one parent carries the gene.
Step-by-step explanation:
The syndrome associated with neuro cutaneous involvement includes conditions like Neurofibromatosis, Tuberous Sclerosis, Sturge-Weber Syndrome, and Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome. All these conditions affect both the nervous system and the skin.
Particularly, Neurofibromatosis is characterized by the formation of tumors along the nervous system which can manifest as changes on the skin. Tuberous Sclerosis causes the growth of benign tumors in various organs including the skin and brain. Sturge-Weber Syndrome is known for its distinctive port-wine stain birthmark on the face and neurological abnormalities. Finally, Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome involves the formation of tumors in multiple organ systems, including the brain and skin.
Neurofibromatosis, in particular, has a genetic aspect, which can be understood with the help of a Punnett square showing a 50% chance for a child to inherit the condition if one parent carries the dominant gene (Nn).