Final answer:
Federal characteristics include the Separation of Powers, Supremacy of the Constitution, and Division of Powers, which ensure a balanced distribution of power and governance at multiple levels. (Option 1).
Step-by-step explanation:
The characteristics that define federal systems include various principles and structures designed to ensure a balanced distribution of power.
Three of the listed features are specifically associated with the federal characteristics of a government: Separation of Powers, Supremacy of the Constitution, and Division of Powers. Separation of Powers is the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch from exercising the core functions of another.
The Supremacy of the Constitution means that the Constitution is the highest law of the land, and all government actions must conform to it.
Finally, the Division of Powers refers to the allocation of authority between different levels of government, such as national and state governments, each with its degree of autonomy.
The other two features, Rule of Law and Judicial Review, while essential to a federal system, are not exclusively federal characteristics as they can be found in other forms of government as well. (Option 1).