Final answer:
The factors influencing temperature extremes, humidity, and sunlight include geographical location, altitude, proximity to water bodies, atmospheric conditions, and seasonal variations. Temperature extremes are more pronounced near the poles and in continental interiors, while humidity is affected by temperature and availability of moisture. Sunlight exposure varies with seasons, latitude, and atmospheric conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Factors that affect temperature extremes, humidity, and sunlight include a variety of geographical and meteorological conditions. Temperature extremes are markedly influenced by latitude, altitude, distance from the sea, ocean currents, and local geography. The closer to the equator, the more extreme the high temperatures can be, while closer to the poles, the more extreme the cold. Higher altitudes tend to have lower temperatures. Proximity to the sea moderates temperatures, whereas continental interiors experience more pronounced extremes.
Humidity levels are affected by the availability of moisture, which includes proximity to bodies of water and the rate of evaporation. Warm air holds more moisture than cold air, so regions with higher temperatures often have higher humidity if there is a moisture source. Weather patterns, plant transpiration, and human activities also influence humidity levels.
Sunlight exposure is determined by several factors, including seasonal changes, the angle of the sun's rays (which is affected by latitude), cloud cover, and atmospheric conditions. During certain times of the year, the Earth's tilt causes variations in the amount of sunlight received by different regions, thus affecting the intensity and duration of daylight.