Final answer:
The lowest landing RVR and visibility for approaches depend on the type of instrument approach, with Categories I, II, and III approaches each having progressively lower minimums. Category I usually requires an RVR of 550 meters, Category II demands at least 350 meters, while Category III can range from 200 meters down to no visibility requirement at all.
Step-by-step explanation:
The lowest landing RVR (Runway Visual Range) and visibility for approaches in aviation depend on both the equipment available on the aircraft and the types of approaches being utilized. Specifically, the minimums are determined by the category of instrument approach, with Categories I, II, and III approaches having progressively lower minimum visibility requirements.
Category I Instrument Approach
Typically requires a minimum RVR of 550 meters or visibility of 800 meters.
Category II Instrument Approach
Has more stringent requirements, usually needing an RVR of 350 meters.
Category III Instrument Approach
May have varying minimums, with Category IIIA allowing for an RVR as low as 200 meters, Category IIIB down to 50 meters, and Category IIIC having no minimum visibility requirement, implying fully automated landings without pilot visibility.
It's crucial for pilots to be thoroughly trained and for aircraft to be equipped with the necessary avionics and ground systems to conduct these low-visibility landings.