Final answer:
Arrows b) ⇒ and c) ⇌ are used to represent the movement of bonding electrons, often in the context of showing how electrons are shared or transferred in chemical reactions to form new bonds or lone pairs.
Step-by-step explanation:
Arrows pointing to bonding electrons are used to indicate the movement of electrons in the formation and breaking of chemical bonds. The question asks to identify symbols that represent such movement. Out of the given symbols, arrow b) ⇒ and arrow c) ⇌ typically illustrate the movement of electron pairs during chemical reactions. These arrows are used in mechanisms to depict how electron pairs are either shared between atoms to form bonds or are transferred to form lone pairs and new bonds, potentially causing changes in formal charges.
For example, in the transfer of electrons to form potassium sulfide from potassium atoms (K) and a sulfur atom (S), curved arrows would originate at the potassium atoms and point towards the sulfur atom, indicating the movement of electrons to the more electronegative sulfur atom, leading to the formation of ionic bonds in the compound.