Final answer:
The correct drug-mechanism pairing for treating glaucoma is pilocarpine causing ciliary muscle contraction, which aids in lowering intraocular pressure.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct pairing of a drug and its mechanism of action for treating glaucoma is pilocarpine causing ciliary muscle contraction. Pilocarpine is a muscarinic agonist that, when applied to the eye, contracts the ciliary muscle. This contraction leads to the opening of trabecular meshwork near the base of the cornea which facilitates the drainage of aqueous humor, thereby reducing the intraocular pressure that is characteristic of glaucoma.
Contrarily, timolol, a beta-blocker, reduces aqueous humor production, latanoprost, a prostaglandin analogue, increases outflow of aqueous humor, and acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, decreases aqueous humor production by inhibiting the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, not increasing aqueous production as options 1, 3, and 4 incorrectly suggest.