Final answer:
To determine the concavity of a graph, look at the second derivative. If it is positive, the graph is concave upward. If it is negative, the graph is concave downward.
Step-by-step explanation:
Concavity refers to the curvature of a graph. If a graph is concave upward, it means that the graph curves upward like a U shape. If a graph is concave downward, it means that the graph curves downward like an inverted U shape.
To determine the concavity of a graph, you can look at the second derivative of the function. If the second derivative is positive, then the graph is concave upward. If the second derivative is negative, then the graph is concave downward. If the second derivative is zero, then the graph does not have a specific concavity.
For example, if the first 15 minutes of a graph is a concave downward curve, the middle portion is a straight line with slope zero, and the last portion is a concave upward curve, the graph would transition from concave downward to concave upward.