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A previously healthy 20-year-old man presents to the emergency department assisted by his roommates. The patient is febrile, disoriented, has difficulty speaking, and is complaining of generalized abdominal pain. He has a rash that does not blanch on palpation. Laboratory findings include hematocrit 21?

1) Begin emergent plasma exchange
2) Hold treatment until labs for ADAMTS13 deficiency are completed
3) Prescribe cortisone cream and have the patient follow up with their primary care provider
4) Watchful waiting as the condition is self-limiting

User Buda
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1 Answer

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Final answer:

Based on the symptoms and lab findings, the patient is likely suffering from thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and requires immediate treatment with emergent plasma exchange. Waiting for lab results or treating with a cortisone cream is not appropriate given the severity of the condition.

Step-by-step explanation:

The patient's presentation of fever, disorientation, speech difficulty, generalized abdominal pain, and a non-blanching rash, along with a hematocrit of 21%, are suggestive of a serious hematological condition that could potentially be thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). The non-blanching rash indicates petechiae or purpura, which are small blood spots on the skin due to low platelet counts. In the case of TTP, an urgent therapeutic intervention, such as emergent plasma exchange, is critical and should not wait for lab results confirming ADAMTS13 deficiency as suggested in options 2, 3, and 4.

Plasma exchange works by removing the patient's plasma and replacing it with donor plasma, which provides a source of the missing ADAMTS13 enzyme and removes accumulated ultra-large von Willebrand factor multimers. Delaying treatment to wait for lab results, prescribing a cortisone cream, or opting for watchful waiting can be deleterious for the patient given the acuity and severity of the presentation. The recommended management for a patient suspected of having TTP based on clinical presentation is to begin plasma exchange treatment immediately (Option 1).

User CommonsWare
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