Final answer:
The most common solid renal tumor in children is nephroblastoma, also known as Wilms' tumor. It typically occurs in very young children and is treated with a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Other tumors listed, like adenocarcinoma, leiomyoma, and renal lipoma, are rare in children.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most common solid renal tumor of childhood is nephroblastoma, also known as Wilms' tumor. This tumor represents about 90% of pediatric kidney cancers and typically occurs in children aged 3 to 4 years old. It arises from embryonic renal tissues that have failed to develop properly. Nephroblastoma is generally responsive to treatment, which may involve a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and sometimes radiation therapy.
In contrast to nephroblastoma, the other tumors listed - adenocarcinoma, leiomyoma, and renal lipoma - are uncommon in children. Adenocarcinoma, also known as renal cell carcinoma, is more frequently seen in adults. Leiomyoma, a benign smooth muscle tumor, and renal lipoma, a benign tumor made of fat cells, are not common tumors associated with the kidneys, especially in children.
Therefore, when addressing the most common solid renal tumor of childhood, nephroblastoma is the correct answer. This can be essential knowledge for healthcare professionals dealing with pediatric oncology, as early and appropriate diagnosis is crucial for patient outcomes.