Final answer:
An open fracture, also known as a compound fracture, is defined by the broken ends of the bone protruding through the skin, leading to a higher risk of infection. Immediate medical attention is necessary for proper treatment and to prevent possible complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
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The type of fracture characterized by the broken ends of the bone piercing through the skin is known as an open fracture. This is also sometimes referred to as a compound fracture. An open fracture carries a high risk of infection because the broken bone is exposed to the environment, thereby introducing potential pathogens to the wound area. In contrast, a closed fracture is one where the skin remains intact over the break. A greenstick fracture commonly occurs in children and is a partial fracture in which one side of the bone bends.
A comminuted fracture is where the bone is broken into several pieces. Following an open fracture, medical intervention is critical to prevent infection and properly align the bone for healing, which may involve surgical procedures known as open or closed reduction. Adequate healing involves the formation of a hematoma, development of calli, and the activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts for bone remodeling.